Cramp is typically caused by fatigue or strain, for example when exercising. It's a painful, involuntary muscle contraction, which usually occurs in the legs and feet.

What is it?

Cramp is typically caused by fatigue or strain, for example when exercising. It's a painful, involuntary muscle contraction, which usually occurs in the legs and feet.

First aid aims

• Relieve pain and discomfort

Actions

• For cramp in the foot, massage the foot
• For cramp in the lower leg, straighten the leg and massage the muscles while pulling the foot upwards towards the shin
• For cramp in the upper leg, straighten the casualty's leg and massage the affected muscle until the pain passes